Node Beginner Book TypeError: unable to call writeHead method from undefined

Question

I just follow the Node Beginner Book at http://www.nodebeginner.org/ until I run into TypeError . I searched, but no one can solve this error. The error is displayed as follows

D:\delbert\nodejs\proj\requestHandlers.js:7
    response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type":"text/plain"});
             ^
TypeError: Cannot call method 'writeHead' of undefined
    at D:\delbert\nodejs\proj\requestHandlers.js:7:14
    at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:635:7)
    at ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17)
    at maybeClose (child_process.js:743:16)
    at Socket.<anonymous> (child_process.js:956:11)
    at Socket.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:95:17)
    at Pipe.close (net.js:465:12)

and source code:

// --------- //
//server.js//
// --------- //

var http = require("http");
var url = require("url");

function start(route, handle) {
  function onRequest(request, response) {
    var pathname = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
    console.log("Request for " + pathname + " received.");

    route(handle, pathname, request, response);
  }

  http.createServer(onRequest).listen(8888);
  console.log("Server has started.");
}

exports.start = start;

// -------- //
//index.js//
// -------- //

var server = require("./server");
var router = require("./route");
var requestHandlers = require("./requestHandlers");

var handle = {}
handle["/"] = requestHandlers.start();
handle["/start"] = requestHandlers.start;
handle["/upload"] = requestHandlers.upload;

server.start(router.route, handle);

// -------- //
//route.js//
// -------- //

function route(handle, pathname, response) {
  console.log("About to route a request for " + pathname);
  if (typeof handle[pathname] === 'function') {
    handle[pathname](response);
  } else {
    console.log("No request handler found for " + pathname);
    response.writeHead(404, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
    response.write("404 Not found");
    response.end();
  }
}

exports.route = route;

// ------------------ //
//requestHandlers.js//
// ------------------ / /

var exec = require("child_process").exec;

function start(response) {
  console.log("Request handler 'start' was called.");

  exec("ls -lah", function (error, stdout, stderr) {
    response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type":"text/plain"});
    response.write(stdout);
    response.end();
  });
}

function upload(response) {
  console.log("Request handler 'upload' was called.");
  response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
  response.write("Hello Upload");
  response.end();
}

exports.start = start;
exports.upload = upload;

I do not know how the error occurs. It is stuck there, even I am inserting code from a book.

TypeError: writeHead undefined http://cnodejs.org/topic/4fbca9123a7ec1d151038ac1, .

?

Answer 1

.

, :

• server.start() route() : route(handle, pathname, request, response);, route() : function route(handle, pathname, response)

• (, , ) index.js handle["/"] = requestHandlers.start(); handle["/"] = requestHandlers.start;