After the pile was digging more, I was able to determine the cause of the problem, at least enough for my purposes.
As mentioned in my edit, I narrowed it down to have something to do with a custom directive called form-field . Through some trial and error, I was also able to determine that the problem arose when the date-picker directive was on the form-field child.
While in most places this was done something like
<div form-field> <date-picker></date-picker> </div>
in the instance instance, the date picker used a self-closing tag
<div form-field> <date-picker /> </div>
Apparently, the form-field compilation could not handle it correctly and it managed to enter an endless loop, and I guess this only happened in IE8, because other newer browsers silently interpreted the self-closing tag as having a specific start and end tag .
In short, I changed the self-closing tag, and now everything works correctly.
Onite source share