I had the same problem (Mint 17) and found this question along with a bunch of tutorials, instructions, etc.
In my case, this turned out to be a missing entry in my peer file. Looking at your commands, I assume that it will be / etc / ppp / peers / vpn, and the entry will be as follows: file /etc/ppp/options.pptp
Here is mine (I changed the hostname, username and tunnel):
# written by pptpsetup pty "pptp vpn.foo.com --nolaunchpppd" lock noauth nobsdcomp nodeflate name USERNAME remotename vpn file /etc/ppp/options.pptp ipparam vpn require-mppe-128
Without this file entry, I would receive an authentication error message that you reported.
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