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GTK + gcc: undefined link to all gtk functions when linked

I am coding an interface with GTK + for XMPP communication. My code worked fine when I compiled it like this:

gcc login_gtk.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0`

But since I am adding my file to my project and I use the Makefile, it no longer compiles. I think the problem comes from my Makefile.

Compiler Errors:

 gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/login_gtk.o Sources/login_gtk.c gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/circular_buffer.o Sources/circular_buffer.c gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/welcome_server.o Sources/welcome_server.c gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/main_loop.o Sources/main_loop.c gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/client_init.o Sources/client_init.c gcc -o -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -c -o Sources/main.o Sources/main.c gcc -o x2p ./Sources/login_gtk.o ./Sources/circular_buffer.o ./Sources/welcome_server.o ./Sources/main_loop.o ./Sources/client_init.o ./Sources/main.o -lexpat ./Sources/login_gtk.o: In function `login_form': ./Sources/login_gtk.c:10: undefined reference to `gtk_entry_new' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:11: undefined reference to `gtk_entry_get_type' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:11: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:11: undefined reference to `gtk_entry_set_text' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:12: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:12: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:12: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_start' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:13: undefined reference to `gtk_entry_get_type' ./Sources/login_gtk.c:13: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'

Makefile:

 NAME = x2p SRCS = \ ./Sources/login_gtk.c \ ./Sources/circular_buffer.c \ ./Sources/welcome_server.c \ ./Sources/main_loop.c \ ./Sources/client_init.c \ ./Sources/main.c \ OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o) CC = gcc -o CFLAGS = -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. $(shell pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0) LDFLAGS += -lexpat RM = rm -f CAR = *\# *~ *core* all : $(NAME) $(NAME) : $(OBJS) $(CC) $(NAME) $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS) clean : $(RM) $(OBJS) $(CAR) fclean : clean $(RM) $(NAME) re : fclean all

And the login_gtk.c part:

 #include <gtk/gtk.h> void location_form(GtkWidget *pVBox) { GtkWidget *pList; pList = gtk_combo_box_text_new(); gtk_combo_box_text_append_text(GTK_COMBO_BOX_TEXT(pList), "LOCATION"); gtk_combo_box_text_append_text(GTK_COMBO_BOX_TEXT(pList), "WORK"); gtk_combo_box_text_append_text(GTK_COMBO_BOX_TEXT(pList), "HOME"); gtk_combo_box_text_append_text(GTK_COMBO_BOX_TEXT(pList), "SCHOOL"); gtk_combo_box_set_active(GTK_COMBO_BOX(pList), 0); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(pVBox), pList, FALSE, TRUE, 0); }
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3 answers

The order is wrong : this is an incredibly common mistake that I continue to encounter. Previous versions of gcc were less demanding on the order of arguments, and this spread the wrong idea: pkgconfig --cflags --libs works on all positions.

Check this letter for information on the correct order of flags. In short:

 gcc $(pkg-config --cflags ...) myapp.c $(pkg-config --libs ...)
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You have not included libraries in your Makefile.

You should add -L<path to your lib directory and -lgtk+-3.0 to the linker line.

CLFAGS missing here ...

 $(NAME) : $(OBJS) $(CC) $(NAME) $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS)

or here:

 LDFLAGS += -lexpat
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I finally get to compilation by doing this thing in the Makefile:

 NAME = x2p SRCS = \ ./Sources/circular_buffer.c \ ./Sources/welcome_server.c \ ./Sources/main_loop.c \ ./Sources/client_init.c \ ./Sources/main.c \ OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o) LLFLAGS = $(shell pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0) CC = gcc O = -o CFLAGS = -W -Wall -Wextra -Werror -g -I./Includes/. LDFLAGS += -lexpat RM = rm -f CAR = *\# *~ *core* all : $(NAME) $(NAME) : $(OBJS) $(CC) -I./Includes/. ./Sources/login_gtk.c $(LLFLAGS) $(O) $(NAME) $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS) clean : $(RM) $(OBJS) $(CAR) fclean : clean $(RM) $(NAME) re : fclean all
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Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/1486384/

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