Your users should be able to edit files without problems, resource files are XML files that can be opened in notepad or in any text editor, they can even open it in Excel and get several columns that they can easily edit.
This will require re-processing your application pool, but you are open to it.
[edit] You do not need to recompile, as I mentioned earlier, if your resource files are marked as content, but your application pool will be recycled to receive changes.
source share