how can I protect the mp3 file that I downloaded from my server (owner of legal content), sent via email, Bluetooth, etc.
Technically, you cannot, unless you are implementing your own MP3 player application and storing it there. If you rely on other applications to play music, then by definition other applications have access to music and can think with it, for example, share it via email, Bluetooth, etc.
However, in practice, if you run a media player to play your music, and you do not offer options for sharing via e-mail, Bluetooth, etc., then the user is unlikely to have convenient means to do it yourself, except for root devices.
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