Due to the fact that many calendars are integrated into the cloud, these settings (X-PUBLISHED-TTL and REFRESH-INTERVAL) no longer work in Google Calendar and in many new versions of Outlook. I checked it myself.
If you think about it, Google and Outlook are likely to intentionally ignore any specified refresh rate to prevent DNS attacks. In fact, with millions of built-in calendars on their systems, some people can set the refresh rate every second, and if they obey these settings, it can lead to a failure of their servers. Therefore, it is likely that they are updated whenever they want.
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