Besides the differences in how they determine if the document is ready. It is worth noting that dojo / ready integrates with other dojo infrastructure, such as the AMD parser and loader, so that it can start after all the necessary widgets have been analyzed, modules loaded, etc.
Dojo <1.7
dojo.ready waits for dojo.require calls and a parser if parseOnLoad is true in your dojoConfig.
Dojo> = 1.7
dojo / is ready to wait for AMD, and additional features can be queued. I believe the dojo / parser request will make it queue for a parsing operation.
dojo / domReady! The AMD plugin provides a simple DOMContentLoaded function class, equivalent to jQuery (document) .ready
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