For KDE applications, you can use common keyboard shortcuts. To do this, open systemsettings and go to Standard Keyboard Shortcuts .
For example, here I change the โactivate next tabโ shortcut to Ctrl - Tab (for consistency with Firefox):

This changes the shortcut in most KDE tabbed applications, as well as in tabbed dialogs. You can specify up to 2 alternative shortcuts for each action.
However, this only works for regular shortcuts; you cannot globally specify shortcuts for arbitrary captions of menu items.
I do not think GNOME applications have such a feature. You must change the labels individually (for each application). (Generally, KDE is more customizable.)
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