No, this is just a warning. You probably won't run into any problems by turning the process priority up or down. And there will be no irreversible damage; everything you do can be fixed by rebooting. Before experimenting, first make sure you save your work!
There are a few common things that can go wrong (and therefore you should keep an eye on):
You can curve up the priority of a non-system process so high that it can lead to instability of the system and its immunity, because the system of processes does not have enough time.
You can scroll down the priority of the system process so low that it will not have enough time, as a result of which your system will become unstable, responsive. (Although I think they have fixed some of them recently, not allowing you to change the priority of some so-called "critical" system processes.)
In my experience, if you stick to a fast enough and stable machine, if you avoid the "Real Time" option , everything will be all right. Turning a non-system process into a priority level is even less likely to cause harm.
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