The above specification also ,
User agents must process elements and attributes that they do not use to understand as semantically neutral; leaving them in the DOM (for DOM processors) and styling them according to CSS (for CSS processors), but without causing any value from them.
Quentin posted a quote, if I understand the specification correctly, refer to user agent extensions. (I believe that they mean both special browsers and browser plug-ins.) User agents should not create new tags or attributes. The web developer can use any ready-made tags and attributes that they like. The specification explicitly instructs custom agent developers to consider unknown tags and attributes and include them in the DOM and when rendering the page.
Accessing them with a script is where it gets a little trickier. IE 7 and 8 so you can add a namespace to search for these custom tags, which makes your document technically invalid - but still fully functional!
See here (my blog): http://blog.svidgen.com/2012/10/building-custom-xhtml5-tags.html
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