Column names contain periods in which spaces should be

Question

In the graph generated by ggplot, each label along the x axis represents a line, that is, a “work in 1990." However, the generated graph has a period between each word. In other words, the specified string is shown as "the.product.in.1990"

How can I provide the above "." not added?

The following code is what I used to add a row for each point along the x axis

last_plot()+scale_x_discrete(limits=ddata$labels$text) 

Code example:

 library(ggdendro) x <- read.csv("test.csv",header=TRUE) d <- as.dist(x,diag=FALSE,upper=FALSE) hc <- hclust(d,"ave") dhc <- as.dendrogram(hc) ddata <- dendro_data(dhc,type="rectangle") ggplot(segment(ddata)) + geom_segment(aes(x=x0,y=y0,xend=x1,yend=y1)) last_plot() + scale_x_discrete(limits=ddata$labels$text) 

each line of ddata$labels$text represents a line, for example, "product in 1990." I would like to keep the same format in the generated chart, and not in "the.product.in.1990"

Answer 1

The problem arises because you are trying to read data with column names that contain spaces.

When you read this data with read.csv , these column names are converted to syntactically valid R names. Here is an example illustrating the problems:

 some.file <- ' "Col heading A", "Col heading B" A, 1 B, 2 C, 3 ' 

Read it with read.csv default settings:

 > x1 <- read.csv(text=some.file) > x1 Col.heading.A Col.heading.B 1 A 1 2 B 2 3 C 3 4 NA > names(x1) [1] "Col.heading.A" "Col.heading.B" 

To avoid this, use the argument check.names=FALSE :

 > x2 <- read.csv(text=some.file, check.names=FALSE) > x2 Col heading A Col heading B 1 A 1 2 B 2 3 C 3 4 NA > names(x2) [1] "Col heading A" "Col heading B" 

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Now the remaining problem is that the column name cannot contain spaces. Therefore, to refer to these columns, you need to wrap the column name in backlinks:

 > x2$`Col heading A` [1] ABC Levels: ABC 

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For more information, see ?read.csv and, in particular, information for check.names .

There is also some information about backticks in ?Quotes