Convert random characters to string in uppercase.

Question

I am trying to add text strings randomly so that instead of having output like

>>>david 

I will have something like

 >>>DaViD >>>dAviD 

the code that I have right now is

 import random import string print "Name Year" text_file = open("names.txt", "r") for line in text_file: print line.strip()+"".join([random.choice(string.digits) for x in range(1, random.randint(1,9))]) 

and he supports this

 >>>JOHN01361 

I want this line to be something like

 >>>jOhN01361 >>>john01361 >>>JOHN01361 >>>JoHn01361 

Answer 1

Well, your specification is actually randomly capitalized, and if you were so inclined, you could achieve this with the following understanding of the list:

 import random s = "..." s = "".join( random.choice([k.upper(), k ]) for k in s ) 

but there may be nicer ways ...

Answer 2

you probably want to do something like:

 import random lol = "lol apples" def randomupper(c): if random.random() > 0.5: return c.upper() return c.lower() lol =''.join(map(randomupper, lol)) 

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EDIT:

As Sean Chin noted in the comments, this can be simplified:

lol = "".join((c.upper(), c)[random() > 0.5] for c in lol)

Very cool and, but slower than using map .

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EDIT 2:

running some timer tests, it seems that "".join( random.choice([k.upper(), k ]) for k in s )
more than 5 times slower than the map method, can anyone confirm this?
Time:

 no map: 5.922078471303955 map: 4.248832001003303 random.choice: 25.282491881882898 

Answer 3

The below may be slightly more efficient than the Nook solution, nor does it rely on lowercase text to start with:

 import random txt = 'JOHN01361' ''.join(random.choice((x,y)) for x,y in zip(txt.upper(),txt.lower())) 

Answer 4

The timing of various implementations is just for fun:

 #!/usr/bin/env python import random def f1(s): return ''.join(random.choice([x.upper(), x]) for x in s) def f2(s): return ''.join((x.upper(), x)[random.randint(0, 1)] for x in s) def f3(s): def randupper(c): return random.random() > 0.5 and c.upper() or c return ''.join(map(randupper, s)) def f4(s): return ''.join(random.random() > 0.5 and x.upper() or x for x in s) if __name__ == '__main__': import timeit timethis = ['f1', 'f2', 'f3', 'f4'] s = 'habia una vez... truz' for f in timethis: print '%s: %s' % (f, timeit.repeat('%s(s)' % f, 'from __main__ import %s, s' % f, repeat=5, number=1000)) 

These are my times:

 f1: [0.12144303321838379, 0.13189697265625, 0.13808107376098633, 0.11335396766662598, 0.11961007118225098] f2: [0.22459602355957031, 0.23735499382019043, 0.19971895217895508, 0.2097780704498291, 0.22068285942077637] f3: [0.044358015060424805, 0.051508903503417969, 0.045358896255493164, 0.047426939010620117, 0.042778968811035156] f4: [0.04383397102355957, 0.039394140243530273, 0.039273977279663086, 0.045912027359008789, 0.039510011672973633]