Depends on what you mean by protection.
Authorization is basically the same, if not simpler. Form authentication is supported and supported, and you only need to bind the [Authorize] attribute to controllers or controller actions. Not too much to study there.
ViewState is gone, so you donβt have to worry about validating ViewState or any of this kludge.
If you mean XSS, I would say that it is about the same; you need to avoid your output data and this is very easy to do:
<%= Html.Encode(Model.SomeString) %>
The only thing I can think of that you can find a little different is CSRF / XSRF processing. Fortunately, most of them are already built into the infrastructure .
Therefore, in general, I would say no, the learning curve for security in ASP.NET MVC does not have to be as steep as the learning curve for the architecture itself.
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