Unfortunately, this is not possible because face unlocking is part of the Smart Lock unlock toolkit.
Other unlock methods that fall under the Smart Lock category include:
- Body detection
- Reliable places
- Trusted Devices
- Trustee (method in question)
- Trusted voice
Since none of these methods is a primitive means of protection in Android, it makes no sense to allow access to them using the API.
If Smart Lock could be used with Keyguard, body detection could theoretically provide access to the application while in a safe place (but not in the hands of a trusted person), and even a reliable voice could be used.
Apple and Face ID can resolve this because Face ID is a primitive security method for iPhone X, because the data used to unlock the device is stored in Secure Enclave, just like Touch ID data.
I hope this gives you a good reason why this is not possible and why it makes sense that it is impossible.
Sources: Keyguard (indicating the unlocking methods that can be used), Smart Lock , Face ID
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