I'm not sure about Amazon ML, but SageMaker uses the docker containers listed here for built-in training: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sagemaker/latest/dg/sagemaker-algo-docker-registry-paths.html
So, in general, everything you can do with Amazon ML you should be able to do with SageMaker (although Amazon ML has a pretty sweet schematic editor).
You can test each of these containers to dive deep into how it all works.
Here you can find an exhaustive list of available algorithms in SageMaker: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sagemaker/latest/dg/algos.html
So far, as of December 2017, all of these algorithms are available:
The general SageMaker SDK interface for these algorithms looks something like this:
from sagemaker import KMeans kmeans = KMeans(role="SageMakerRole", train_instance_count=2, train_instance_type='ml.c4.8xlarge', data_location="s3://training_data/", output_path="s3://model_artifacts/", k=10)
The libraries here: https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-sagemaker-examples and here: https://github.com/aws/sagemaker-python-sdk are especially useful for playing with SageMaker.
You can also use Spark with SageMaker the Spark library here: https://github.com/aws/sagemaker-spark
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