How to use Selenium Webdriver on headless Chrome?

Question

I am exploring the use of Selenium for basic things like taking screenshots, clips and testing, and would like to use it with Chrome headless, which is now stable with Chrome 59.

I managed to take a screenshot using the selenium-webdriver gemstone and chrome-plated reverse, but not without a head.

Here is the ruby ​​script that I run, freezing after starting the driver initialization

require 'rubygems' require 'selenium-webdriver' Selenium::WebDriver.logger.level = :debug p 'initializing driver' driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, switches: %w[--headless --disable-gpu --screenshot --hide-scrollbars] p 'navigating to Google' driver.navigate.to "http://google.com" driver.save_screenshot("./screen.png") driver.quit 

and output from logs:

 :> ruby rubytest.rb "initializing driver" 2017-06-07 15:55:43 DEBUG Selenium Executing Process ["/Users/name/Documents/scrapings/python/env/bin/chromedriver", "--port=9515"] 2017-06-07 15:55:43 DEBUG Selenium polling for socket on ["127.0.0.1", 9515] Starting ChromeDriver 2.29.461585 (0be2cd95f834e9ee7c46bcc7cf405b483f5ae83b) on port 9515 Only local connections are allowed. 2017-06-07 15:55:43 INFO Selenium -> POST session 2017-06-07 15:55:43 INFO Selenium >>> http://127.0.0.1:9515/session | {"desiredCapabilities":{"browserName":"chrome","version":"","platform":"ANY","javascriptEnabled":true,"cssSelectorsEnabled":true,"takesScreenshot":false,"nativeEvents":false,"rotatable":false,"chromeOptions":{"args":["--headless","--disable-gpu","--screenshot","--hide-scrollbars"]}}} 2017-06-07 15:55:43 DEBUG Selenium > {"Accept"=>"application/json", "Content-Type"=>"application/json; charset=utf-8", "Content-Length"=>"284"} [RUBY BACKTRACE TO DRIVER INITIALIZATION] 

I tried using JavaScript and Python drivers with similar code and nothing works. When I try this with Python, the error message

 WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally (Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461585 (0be2cd95f834e9ee7c46bcc7cf405b483f5ae83b),platform=Mac OS X 10.12.5 x86_64) 

Answer 1

I found this post useful for setting headless chrome with selenium in ruby

 require "selenium-webdriver" # configure the driver to run in headless mode options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new options.add_argument('--headless') driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options driver.navigate.to "https://www.google.com" # resize the window and take a screenshot driver.manage.window.resize_to(800, 800) driver.save_screenshot "screenshot.png" 

Answer 2

Skillfully work through this at the end with various documents, blog posts and gists.

 caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("desiredCapabilities" => {"takesScreenshot" => true}, "chromeOptions" => {"binary" => "/Applications/Google Chrome Canary.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome Canary"}) driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, desired_capabilities: caps, switches: %w[--headless --no-sandbox --disable-gpu --remote-debugin-port=9222 --screen-size=1200x800] 

You need to use a very recent version of Chrome (I use Canary) and tell Selenium the binary path. You also need to set the desired features for "takeScreenshot" to true.

Answer 3

I wrote a blog post on how to do this. Summarizing:

1) Make sure you have Chrome 57+ for Linux, 59+ for macOS or 60+ for Windows installed (the latest version has not yet been released, you should use the beta version known as "Canary");

2) Add / update the selenium-webdriver ;

3) Make sure you are using ChromeDriver version 2.30 or higher;

4) Add the following driver to your spec_helper.rb or rails_helper.rb :

 Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |app| Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new app, browser: :chrome, options: Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(args: %w[headless disable-gpu]) end Capybara.javascript_driver = :chrome