The default docker engine creates a virtual machine with official boot2docker.iso . And this thin distribution does not support a USB video device. When you attach a USB device to a virtual machine, the kernel cannot do anything without the right driver. Thus, you will not see any video capture device, for example /dev/video0 .
TL DR
I have compiled a customized boot2docker.iso that sends the uvcvideo driver. Use this to create a docker.
docker-machine create -d virtualbox
Then install the VirtualBox extension, attach the device to the webcam, and you're good to go!
Link
Attach a webcam: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html#webcam-passthrough
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