The decision was rather complicated. In my Xcode project there was a * .entitlements file in which was the name of my application (as shown on the device). However, my project name is different from this * .entitlements file:
My file: ABC.entitlements (my application displays as ABC on the device)
My project name: XYZ
So, I tried to change the name of the permissions file to XYZ.entitlements, but Xcode gave me a warning that there is already a file called XYZ.entitlements. Turns out there was another * .entitlements file in my "Supported Files" folder. There were no iCloud settings in this rights file.
It doesn't really matter, because in my build settings, the path to the permissions files is ABC.entitlements, but for some reason, it seemed to use XYZ with my iPod Touch iOS 9.0.1. the file is right (my guess).
I deleted the XYZ.entitlements file from my project, and also included the ABC.entitlements file in my target membership. After that, my iPod Touch was again able to receive CloudKit notifications.
Thank you for your help!
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