You can sign your applications using the release key, while retaining the debugging option - you just need to add the key to the release in Android Studio (or specify it on the command line if you sign your applications there).
In Android Studio, right-click your application in the project browser and open the module settings. Select your application module and click "Sign" to make sure that your keystore is specified. Then, in the "Build Types" section, make sure that the debugging target and the target version of the release have the same configuration file for signing, and that the debugging target has a debugging setting of true. Now they must use the same key.
More information about signing the application can be found in the Developer Docs here .
I have not heard about the drawback of using the same key for debugging and release, if the private key is kept secure (read: not under version control).
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