Ruby - TypeError: no implicit Hash to string conversion

Question

Trying to parse JSON, byt, why is text empty?

Desired conclusion:

text should return Hello world\n\nApple, Harbor\n\nBanana, Kitchen\n\nMango, Bedroom

 text = "Hello world" json = '{"fruits": [{"name": "Apple", "location": "Harbor"}, {"name": "Banana", "location": "Kitchen"}, {"name": "Mango", "location": "Bedroom"}]}' fruits = JSON.parse(json) def format_fruits(fruits) fruits.each do |fruit| puts "\n\n#{ fruit[0]['name'] }, #{ fruit[0]['location'] }" end.to_sentence end text += format_fruits(fruits) text 

Current output:

 TypeError: no implicit conversion of Hash into String from (irb):5:in `+' from (irb):5 from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:90:in `start' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:9:in `start' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:69:in `console' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:40:in `run_command!' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require' from /home/mark/myapp/bin/rails:8:in `<top (required)>' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `block in load' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/commands/rails.rb:6:in `call' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/command_wrapper.rb:38:in `call' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:180:in `block in serve' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:153:in `fork' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:153:in `serve' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:128:in `block in run' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `loop' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `run' from /home/mark/.gem/ruby/2.1.1/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:18:in `<top (required)>' from /home/mark/.rubies/ruby-2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' from /home/mark/.rubies/ruby-2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' from -e:1:in `<main>'irb(main):006:0> text => "Hello world" irb(main):007:0> 

Answer 1

The error is the result of calling Array#to_sentence in a hash.

Here's the fixed version with comments indicating changes:

 require 'json' text = "Hello world" json = '{"fruits": [{"name": "Apple", "location": "Harbor"}, {"name": "Banana", "location": "Kitchen"}, {"name": "Mango", "location": "Bedroom"}]}' fruits = JSON.parse(json)['fruits'] # append ['fruits'] def format_fruits(fruits) fruits.map do |fruit| # change each -> map "\n\n#{ fruit['name'] }, #{ fruit['location'] }" # delete puts, [0] end.join # change to_sentence -> join end text += format_fruits(fruits) puts text 

Conclusion:

 Hello world Apple, Harbor Banana, Kitchen Mango, Bedroom 

Answer 2

In case your json always contains the fruit key, you can achieve this quite easily. Here:

 fruits = JSON.parse(json) #=> {"fruits"=>[{"name"=>"Apple", "location"=>"Harbor"}, {"name"=>"Banana", "location"=>"Kitchen"}, {"name"=>"Mango", "location"=>"Bedroom"}]} fruits["fruits"].each { |hash| puts "\n\n#{hash['name']}, #{hash['location']}" } 

Another way to do this without using the fruits key:

 fruits.values.first.each { |hash| puts "\n\n#{hash['name']}, #{hash['location']}" }