Why is Object ()! = Object () in JavaScript?

Question

So the question is, two identical objects are not equal in JavaScript, let's say:

Object() == Object() 

or even:

 [{a: 1}, {a: 2}].indexOf({a: 1}); //returns -1 not found 

What is the reason for this strange behavior?

Answer 1

Objects are compared by reference. And two links are equal only if they point to the same object.

Answer 2

Objects are referenced, and when you compare two links, they return false.

another answer (given by Eamon Nerbonn) has a very important point:

Objects are considered equivalent if

• They are exactly equal for === (String and Number are first unpacked to ensure 42 equivalent to Number(42) )
• either they are dates and have the same valueOf()
• either they are of the same type, not null and ...
  • they are not objects and are equal to == (captures numbers / strings / booleans)
  • or, ignoring properties with an undefined value, they have the same properties, all of which are considered recursively equivalent.

Answer 3

The same applies to arrays ([] === []) //returns false

And NaN is also a special meaning that never coincides with itself.

NaN === NaN //False