What is a semantic network?

Question

I heard a lot about the semantic network, but I'm still not quite sure what it is. How will this differ from the network we know now?

Answer 1

How will it differ from the network that we know now?

Currently, HTML + CSS is more focused on structure and presentation. Semantics about meaning mean . In the semantic network, you use common ontologies to determine the meaning (semantics) of an object and the meaning of relationships between objects. The most famous ontologies are FOAF and Dublin Core .

Typically, semantics are expressed in a specialized language, such as RDF or OWL . RDF can be embedded in XHTML using eRDF or W3C RDFa .

Less structured alternative to eRDF / RDFa microformats .

More details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_web

Answer 2

The best explanation is an example. Try googling for all cars advertised on the Internet with engines of less than 2.0 liters that run unleaded and have an mp3 connection and can be seen in the showroom conveniently accessible by public transport from my home.

Google simply will not be able to help you with this request, and not really. You have to do a few searches and correlate the results yourself. On the Semantic web, you can express interest in products for sale, which are cars, and add restrictions. Each result would be helpful. One or more user interfaces may allow you to do this, some may be specialized and others may be universal.

Another example, which creates a diagram of things that are not usually stored in one place, speaks of the popularity of diet coke or country walks in a population compared to levels of clinical obesity in the same population. For this you can’t use a web browser at all, but you can use something similar to Excel - but the semantic network provides you with tools (SPARQL, RDF) for searching and processing the data that is there and accessible via HTTP.

So, the point made by Bravax is not entirely true, not much can change - you can just get more useful and better mashup websites. Or you can find yourself a lot of things that you never thought of as a connection to the network until today.

There are many alternatives on the current network for doing the same thing, for example, Animated GIF, Flash, Silverlight, DHTML, etc. A variety of tools and formats will be presented to place data on the semantic network. RDFa is a good, more general type of microformat, but you can dump the entire database, set the SPARQL endpoint , use microformat or a proprietary HTML structure and add a transform , there will be many tools for different cases.

So, Vartec is also partially right, you can use RDFa and eRDF, but you can also use many other things to publish data.

Note that there are many overlaps between the semantic network and another simper concept called Linked Data . How they relate to each other is unclear, but my perception of this is that the Linked Data website is what you need before the Semantic Web tools and methods have something to do. Related data refers to data, a semantic network is more about data processing, reasoning about it and solving problems such as trust reliability, etc. In fact, the bottom few layers of the technology stack .

Answer 3

Semantic Internet is a very simple idea. (Like all good ones).

Currently, the Network consists of documents with links between them. Google made a pretty good business out of context and linked text in links to figure out what links mean and create a mechanism to extract data based on that. In other words, Google evaluates the meaning of the semantic meaning of a link.

The idea of ​​the Semantic Web is "what if these links were printed?" Each fact on the Internet receives an address - a URI - and is associated with other facts (also URIs) by relationships (also URIs). Relationship groups are called "ontologies."

Thus, instead of links to pages A on page B, for example, on the current network, links on the semantic network are more similar:

URI Links to URI B with a reference of type URI C.

Anything that can have a URI. People may have URIs; we usually use a set of relationships called FOAFs to describe them. So let the URI for Jeff Atwood http://codinghorror.com/foaf.xml ; then you could say:

< http://codinghorror.com > < http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage > < http://codinghorror.com/foaf.xml >

those. http://codinghorror.com is the homepage of the person represented by the contents of http://codinghorror.com/foaf.xml .

Now machines can read and query these relationships - so you turn the Web into a database with which computers can immediately do something. The Semantic Web query language is SPARQL, and you should check it out.

Answer 4

The semantic web is just a semantic (meaningful) layer on top of the WWW. It is semi-structured (RDF), it is self-descriptive (ontologies using OWL) and allows you to open resources (SPARQL).

The Semantic Web operates on the assumption of an "open world"; simply because something is not indicated does not mean that it does not exist, it is simply "unknown." This is a fundamentally different logic used in the DBMS, for example, MySQL, etc. - if something is missing, this does not exist - the assumption is “Closed world”. Prolog and DATALOG are good examples of Close World logic.

If you want to really know what is happening below, you need to look at its basics, which lie in the description of logic. A good overview of the logic description can be found here: http://www.inf.unibz.it/~franconi/dl/course/

If you want to know more about RDF, read the RDF Primer . RDF Semantics is another ripping read.

Researchers basically abandoned the "semantic" part of the Semantic Web and decided to focus on Linked Data - how can we touch the RDF triples so we can spend more Internet traffic -)

Answer 5

There are currently markup tags with HTML pages that describe how content should be displayed, <b> , ' <pre> , etc. These tags do not imply any meaning in their content.

The concept of the semantic network is that documents will contain XML tags, which imply the meaning of their content. For example, <person><firstname> . The big idea is that CSS will be able to format such documents, but it will also be easy to extract meaningful information from these documents.

Answer 6

The semantic network is what Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web, really designed for the Web, that is, a global graph of interconnected data. This is a generalization of the social graph , where you can use social data (with dictionaries such as FOAF ), as well as any other type of machine-readable data and connect them to each other. The standard formats for describing this information for machines are the Resource Description Format ( RDF ) and Web Ontology Language ( OWL ). There is already a lot of encoded data on the Web, including a version of the Wikipedia RDF called DBPedia .

The semantic network will be different from today's Network on these computers, and people will understand what documents they contain, as well as what links between documents mean. This will facilitate the automation of information processing tasks, including the study of information from reliable sources. The full SemWeb package includes cryptographic, secure systems and trust networks.

Answer 7

Tim Berners-Lee describes this in his blog post Giant Global Graph (from 2007-11-21):

Three mental movements:

• Internet : "These are not cables, but interesting computers"
• ( World Wide ) Web : "These are not computers, but interesting documents"
• Giant global graph : "These are not documents, this is what they are important about."

About the term Giant Global Chart:

Now we can use the word Graph to distinguish it from the Web.

I called this chart the Semantic Web, but maybe it was a Giant Global Graph! What is worse than WWWW? ;-) The term "semantic web" has not been established for a long time, I do not propose to change it. But think about the schedule that it is. (Footnote: “Graph” is also a word used by the RDF specifications, but that's the way. Although the XML parser creates a DOM tree, the RDF parser creates an RDF graph in memory.)

Answer 8

The semantic network is the only pragmatic solution so far proposed to address design flaws on the World Wide Web. Since the designers of the Internet, as we know it today, have not provided mechanisms that affect fundamental linguistic phenomena that determine the way people think and communicate, such as homonymy, synonymy, etc. Searching for information on the Internet leads to a flood of false positives. The idea of ​​a semantic network comes down to assigning unambiguous identifiers to web resources, which will help to correctly determine their value. If it succeeds one day, we can forget what a normal Google search looked like; if it doesn’t work, everything will remain as it is now.

Answer 9

This is a sound word to attract people's interest, Similiar to Web 2.0

those. In the future, content will be divided into a presentation that allows a lot of good.
In fact, the facts will be subjective, depending on the likelihood and authority of the owner.

In other words, users will not see much difference from now on.

Answer 10

The Semantic Web is a distributed information system in which related data is published three times via RDF over HTTP. RDF triples consist of an object, a predicate, and an object, but can have other things to them, such as data types and annotations about the natural language of objects. In a semantic network, URIs use both identifiers and addresses of network resources.

Its difference from the Internet, because the Internet is a distributed information system of documents and application interfaces.