There is no set of area lists; they are created by the syntax for each file type. For example, your syntax may indicate that the function scope is storage.type.function.js . If your theme supports this directly, it will use that color, otherwise it will return to storage.type.function , then storage.type and then storage , trying to find the color in your theme.
Since you are creating your own style, I would recommend installing ScopeStatus ( CTRL + SHIFT + P , then install the package, then ScopeStatus). Looking at the file with the syntax you want to focus on, do CTRL + SHIFT + P , then "Zoom: show on status bar". Now you can move the cursor over the various elements to see which area they give, and you can use them to define colors.
You can check your topics to find out what they are doing, go to "Settings-> Package Overview" to open the folder where your packages are stored. I installed "Theme - Phoenix", which has a folder and a folder "Color Scheme". In one of the theme files, I found 16 colors that were used for various areas:
keyword.operator.class, constant.other, source.php.embedded.line variable, support.other.variable, string.other.link, entity.name.tag, entity.other.attribute-name, meta.tag, declaration.tag constant.numeric, constant.language, support.constant, constant.character, variable.parameter, punctuation.section.embedded, keyword.other.unit entity.name.class, entity.name.type.class, support.type, support.class string, constant.other.symbol, entity.other.inherited-class, markup.heading keyword.operator, constant.other.color entity.name.function, meta.function-call, support.function, keyword.other.special-method, meta.block-level keyword, storage, storage.type, entity.name.tag.css invalid meta.separator invalid.deprecated markup.inserted.diff, markup.deleted.diff, meta.diff.header.to-file, meta.diff.header.from-file markup.inserted.diff, meta.diff.header.to-file markup.deleted.diff, meta.diff.header.from-file meta.diff.header.from-file, meta.diff.header.to-file meta.diff.range
Different themes can have different settings, because the .operator.class keyword in the first group can have its own color or be the same as meta.diff.range.