The simple answer is no
Long answer:
Something would be the best case in this context. Chrome has a browser-only API that connects to connected audio devices, but this cannot be used in a real environment. (source)
The chrome.audio API is provided so that users can receive information about and manage audio devices connected to the system. This API is currently only implemented for ChromeOS.
There is also an interesting solution to which Jared Son answers, the principle is that the plugin (should also be available on the Internet) views a web page for files that play audio. You can rewrite something like this for your web page (by capturing all possible sound sources and checking them individually). (source)
Perhaps the closest you can do is something like the MuteTab Chrome Extension (written by me, http://www.github.com/jaredsohn/mutetab ), which basically scans pages for objects, embed, audio , videos, and applet tags and hide them from the page. Sorry, this skips web audio
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